Published: Silent Sports, March 2000 Revised, January 2011 Author: Rolf Garthus Part I: Why a Recumbent? About how many miles can you ride in a day? Five? Fifty? One hundred? One hundred and fifty? When you've reached your limit for the day, what makes you want to stop? Are tired legs the reason or do you get off your bike because something hurts? If you answered, "Because something hurts.", then you may want to consider a recumbent. Recumbents aren't just a little more comfortable; they are totally comfortable. You're sitting on a comfortable seat, with no pressure on your wrists, butt, neck or shoulders. Your back is fully supported and at the end of the ride, nothing hurts. Plus, there are some added bonuses. You don't have to sacrifice aerodynamic efficiency to be comfortable and you have a great view of the scenery. Most people feel it's easy to learn to ride a recumbent and many have increased their riding mileage since switching to a recumbent. I made the switch to recumbents in the late 1980’s due to problems with my neck and shoulders. Doctors told me I may need spinal surgery. I stopped riding regular bikes and switched to recumbents 100% of the time and two things happened: I started going on longer rides and within one year I was almost totally symptom free from the neck problems without surgery. The problems have not returned. My wife Barb, on the other hand, did not have physical problems that would keep her from riding an upright bike. She was riding about three thousand miles a year and didn't feel she needed or wanted a recumbent. In the mid 1990’s, we took our first recumbent tandem ride on a Double Vision. The ride was a fairly long one, about eighty miles, with a tough head wind for the last thirty miles or so. She couldn't believe biking could be that comfortable and she got her first recumbent two days later. We sold her carbon fiber road bike several months later. We both feel that we are faster on our Volae Team recumbents than we were on our uprights. Our aerodynamic body position is a little better on our Volae’s than we would experience on aero bars on an upright bike. Neither one of us would be able to stay on aero bars for very long. Many people find long rides on upright bikes to be uncomfortable. One problem with upright bikes is that your legs hang down around the seat. Make the seat big enough to be comfortable to sit on and it chafes the inside of your legs. Make it small enough so it doesn't chafe and it's not comfortable to sit on. There is simply too much pressure per square inch. Of course you can take weight off your butt by leaning forward onto your hands, but then your wrists, hands, shoulders and neck feel the discomfort. Sitting up straighter takes the pressure off the hands, but puts it back on the butt and makes the rider less aerodynamic as well. The conventional bike industry is working hard to try to make an inherently uncomfortable design more comfortable. Suspension seat posts, suspension stems, padded grips, padded gloves and shorts, gel saddles, and even padded underwear are just part of a long list of items that are supposed to make your upright bike more comfortable. However, many people find that it still hurts. Recumbents, on the other hand, alleviate these problems by positioning the rider so the legs do not hang down around the seat. This allows two important things to happen. First the seat can be made large enough to reduce the pressure per square inch. The result is total comfort with a natural head position and no weight on the hands, arms and shoulders. Secondly, the rider is in a very aerodynamic and comfortable "recumbent tuck". The feet and legs are placed up in front of the torso to achieve great aerodynamics while in a comfortable position that can be maintained for well over a hundred miles. You always have a full view of where you're going and your center of gravity is lower for greater stability. You can see a long way ahead of you at all times, enabling you to ride more defensively. Recumbents are so stable that I have had two dog encounters and not crashed either time. I hit one broadside at slow speed and the other was a glancing blow at about 15 mph from a large playful puppy that actually bent my rear derailleur. I don't think I could have stayed upright on a regular bike in either case. Many people think recumbent riders sit so low that automobile drivers cannot see them. In fact, overall rider height on most recumbents is not significantly lower than on a road bike. In over 80,000 miles of recumbent riding I have never had the feeling that automobile drivers could not see me. First time recumbent riders frequently feel a little shaky, but most can ride without tipping over almost immediately. An unsteady, wobbly, feeling for the first mile or so is normal and then you will quickly become accustomed to the new position. It usually takes about forty to fifty miles to feel as confident on a recumbent as you did on your regular bike. You will be using a slightly different muscle group, so plan on several months before your "recumbent muscles" are as strong as your “upright bike muscles". Because of pain free riding, people tend to increase their bicycling mileage on a recumbent. More riding = more adventures, more fun, additional exercise and better health. I recommend using bike shoes and clipless pedals, which will allow you to work on spinning. When you have mastered the spinning technique in your new riding position, and developed your recumbent muscle group, you should find that you will climb about as well as you did on your upright. Not all recumbents are designed to max out the efficiency meter. Some are designed to be easier to learn to ride with a more upright and less aerodynamic position, while others are designed for speed. All the human powered speed records, including the DuPont Prize for breaking 65 M.P.H., are held by recumbents. Francis Faure set speed records for the mile and kilometer in 1933 on a recumbent. The faster recumbents either have the crank set elevated to about the height of the seat, or have lower crank sets but are designed to work well with a fairing. The Rans Stratus XP is a good example of a bike with a lower crankset that is very fast when used with a fairing. The Volae Team is an example of a bike that is very fast without a fairing. Recumbents, like people, come in a variety of shapes and sizes. You can choose from bikes with a long wheelbase, a short wheelbase, over seat steering, mid seat steering, under seat steering, suspension frames, rigid frames, small rear wheels, large rear wheels, tricycles and tandems. Sorting it all out to get the right bike the first time can be tricky. The best bike for urban riding may not be the best for rural riding. Sport riders value different features than leisure riders. Tall people prefer bikes that shorter people may not be able to ride. When shopping for your first recumbent find a shop with plenty of demos. You will need to get out of "the parking lot" and ride awhile. Plenty of riding time is helpful in getting past the short term issues of handling and balance, so you can focus on the important long term issues like performance, seat comfort and ease of transportation. Shop personnel that have experience riding and selling recumbents are invaluable. Bicycling is a great sport on any type of bike. It's as healthy for the rider as it is for the planet. Today, many are rediscovering the joy of biking by riding recumbents. Also, those who had never enjoyed biking before are now riding many miles on recumbents. Total comfort on a highly efficient bicycle is allowing an ever-increasing number of people to experience the rewarding adventure of biking. -Rolf Garthus